The World’s New Population Crisis

        During the dawn of the 1950s, the world faced a problem it never had before: a baby boom. The natural increase rate (the percentage by which a population grows in a year) for the world peaked around this time at 2.1 percent. This resulted in many international governments fearing overpopulation and implementing laws to curb the population. One infamous case of this was China’s one-child policy. This incentivized Chinese families to only have one child and it did a decent job of curbing the population but resulted in 20-40 million more men than women in China today.

However, the baby boom era has died down significantly and many major countries are expected to have their populations decrease by almost half. China's population by 2100 is expected to go from 1.4 billion to 800 million. Brazil's population is expected to drop by 300 million over the next 75 years. Some nations are trying to combat these issues with varying results. Italy posted memes about increasing fertility which was viewed as insensitive. Other nations, like Spain, tried giving tax benefits and subsidies to women. This made them more likely to have kids in case they were worried about not being able to provide for the children. 

Although the population of many countries is in a sharp decline, numerous African countries are projected to have their populations shoot up drastically. DRC, Nigeria, and Tanzania are all expected to have their populations more than double over the next half a century. This region is growing exponentially but it is definitely not enough to combat the issue of the declining population in other nations. As of right now, the world population is set to cap at 11 billion in 2100 and stay stagnant from there. 

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projections_of_population_growth